- ChargingÀº °¡ÀÔÀÚÀÇ Åë½Å¸Á »ç¿ë ³»¿ª(»ç¿ë·®;bytes, »ç¿ë½Ã°£;seconds µî)À» Åë½Å »ç¾÷ÀÚ¸Á¿¡¼ ¸ð´ÏÅ͸µ/¼öÁý/°ü¸®ÇÏ´Â ÇàÀ§ÀÌ°í,
- BillingÀº °¡ÀÔÀÚ¿¡°Ô »ç¿ë ¿ä±ÝÀ» û±¸ÇÏ´Â ÇàÀ§ÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
ÇѸ¶µð·Î Á¤¸®Çϸé, Åë½Å »ç¾÷ÀÚ´Â "Billing(µ· û±¸)"À» Çϱâ À§ÇØ "Charging(»ç¿ë·® Áý°è)"À» ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ µÇ°ÚÁÒ.
Postpaid Billing vs. Prepaid Billing - »ç¿ë·á¸¦ ¾ðÁ¦ ÁöºÒÇÒ °ÍÀΰ¡?
±¹³» Åë½Å»ç¾÷ÀÚÀÇ °æ¿ì, ´ëÇѹα¹ ±¹¹ÎÀ» ´ë»óÀ¸·Î ÇÏ´Â À̵¿ Åë½Å¼¹ö½º´Â ¸ðµÎ Postpaid(ÈĺÒÁ¦)ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. Áï, °¡ÀÔÀÚ°¡ ¸ÕÀú µ¥ÀÌÅÍ ¼ºñ½º¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ°í, ÇÑ´Þ ÈÄ Åë½Å »ç¾÷ÀÚ¿¡°Ô »ç¿ë·á(½Å¿ëÄ«µå ȤÀº °èÁÂÀÌü¸¦ ÅëÇØ)¸¦ ÁöºÒÇÏ´Â ½ÄÀÌÁÒ.
¹Ý¸é À¯·´, ·¯½Ã¾Æ, Áßµ¿, µ¿³²¾Æ Áö¿ªÀÇ Åë½Å »ç¾÷ÀÚÀÇ °æ¿ì Prepaid(¼±ºÒÁ¦)¸¦ ¸¹ÀÌ »ç¿ëÇϴµ¥¿ä. ÀÌ´Â °¡ÀÔÀÚ°¡ µ¥ÀÌÅÍ ¼ºñ½º¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇϱâ Àü¿¡ ¸ÕÀú Åë½Å »ç¾÷ÀÚ¿¡°Ô »ç¿ë·á¸¦ ¼±°áÀçÇÏ´Â ¹æ½ÄÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ¿©±â¼ "»ç¿ë·á"ÀÇ ´ÜÀ§´Â µ¥ÀÌÅÍ·®(bytes, ¿¹. 100Mbyte¿¡ $10)ÀÌ µÉ ¼öµµ ÀÖ°í, »ç¿ëÀϼö(¿¹. ÇÏ·ç »ç¿ë¿¡ $5, ÇÑ´Þ »ç¿ë¿¡ $100)°¡ µÉ ¼öµµ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
ÀÌ¿Í °°ÀÌ ¼±ºÒÁ¦¸¦ Á¦°øÇÏ´Â »ç¾÷ÀÚÀÇ °æ¿ì °¡ÀÔÀÚ°¡ ºÒÆíÀ» ´À³¢Áö ¸øÇϵµ·Ï ´Ù¾çÇÑ °áÀç ¹æ½ÄÀ» Áö¿øÇϴµ¥¿ä. ¾Æ·¡´Â ±× Áß¿¡ 3°¡Áö ¿¹ÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
- Kisok¸¦ ÅëÇÑ ÃæÀü: ÁöÇÏö¿ª¿¡ ÀÖ´Â ¿ä±ÝÃæÀü±â¶ó°í »ý°¢ÇÏ½Ã¸é µË´Ï´Ù. ¿Ü±¹ÀÇ °æ¿ì Àü±¹ ¿©·¯°÷¿¡ Kiosk ´Ü¸»À» ¼³Ä¡ÇÑ Kiosk »ç¾÷ÀÚ¿Í Åë½Å »ç¾÷ÀÚ°£ °è¾àÀ» ÅëÇØ °¡ÀÔÀÚ°¡ Kiosk ´Ü¸»À» ÅëÇØ µ·À» ÁöºÒÇÏ°í ³» °èÁ¤À» ÃæÀüÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
- Voucher(Reload) Card¸¦ ÅëÇÑ ÃæÀü: Åë½Å »ç¾÷ÀÚ ´ë¸®Á¡À̳ª ÆíÀÇÁ¡ °°Àº °÷¿¡¼ "ÃæÀüÄ«µå"¸¦ ±¸ÀÔÇÏ°í, Åë½Å »ç¾÷ÀÚÀÇ À¥¼¹ö(Selfcare ȤÀº Captive PortalÀ̶ó ºÎ¸§)¿¡ Á¢¼ÓÇÏ¿© ÃæÀüÄ«µå¿¡ ÀûÇô ÀÖ´Â Activation Code ÀÔ·ÂÀ» ÅëÇØ ÃæÀüÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
- Selfcare¸¦ ÅëÇÑ ÃæÀü: °¡ÀÔÀÚ°¡ Selfcare/Captive Portal(À¥¼¹ö)¿¡ Á¢¼ÓÇÏ¿© À¥ÆäÀÌÁö »ó¿¡¼ °èÁÂÀÌü ȤÀº ½Å¿ëÄ«µå °áÀ縦 ÅëÇØ ÃæÀüÀÌ °¡´ÉÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
¼±ºÒÁ¦³Ä ÈĺÒÁ¦³Ä ÇÏ´Â ¹®Á¦´Â °¢ ³ª¶óÀÇ ¹®È¿Íµµ °ü·ÃÀÌ ÀÖÀ» °Í °°Áö¸¸, ´ëÇѹα¹ ±¹¹Î°ú °°ÀÌ ½Å¿ëµµ°¡ ÁÁÀº(²¿¹Ú ²¿¹Ú »ç¿ë·á¸¦ Àß ÁöºÒÇÏ´Â) ³ª¶ó¸¸ÀÌ ÈĺÒÁ¦°¡ °¡´ÉÇÏÁö ¾Ê³ª »ý°¢ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
Online Charging vs. Offline Charging - »ç¿ë·®À» ½Ç½Ã°£À¸·Î ¼öÁý/Á¦¾îÇÒ °ÍÀΰ¡?
¼±ºÒÁ¦(Prepaid) ȤÀº ÈĺÒÁ¦(Postpaid)°¡ »ç¾÷ÀÚÀÇ °ú±Ý Á¤Ã¥À̶ó¸é Online Charging°ú Offline ChargingÀº ±× °ú±Ý Á¤Ã¥À» Áö¿øÇϱâ À§ÇÑ ±â¼úÀÔ´Ï´Ù. Online ChargingÀÇ °æ¿ì °¡ÀÔÀÚÀÇ »ç¿ë·®À» À̵¿Åë½Å¸Á¿¡¼ ½Ç½Ã°£À¸·Î ¼öÁý ¹× Á¦¾îÇÏ´Â ¹Ý¸é, Offline ChargingÀº ½Ç½Ã°£ ¼öÁý/Á¦¾î°¡ ÇÊ¿äÄ¡ ¾Ê½À´Ï´Ù.
LTE¸¦ ¿¹·Î À§ 2°¡ÁöÀÇ Â÷ÀÌÁ¡À» ¼³¸í µå¸®°Ú½À´Ï´Ù. (¾Æ·¡ ±×¸²)
LTE ¸Á¿¡¼ °¡ÀÔÀÚ(UE)´Â eNB - S-GW - P-GW¸¦ ÅëÇØ ÀÎÅͳݰú ¿¬°á(Åë½Å) µË´Ï´Ù.
±×¸®°í UE°¡ LTE ¸Á¿¡ Á¢¼Ó(attach)ÇÒ ¶§, PCRF´Â °¢ °¡ÀÔÀÚº°·Î ¼·Î ´Ù¸¥ Charging ¹æ½Ä(Charging Characteristics)À» P-GW·Î ³»·Á ÁÙ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ±× ¼·Î ´Ù¸¥ Charging ¹æ½ÄÀ̶õ...
- °¡ÀÔÀÚ A: Offline Charging
- °¡ÀÔÀÚ B: Data Volume based Online Charging
- °¡ÀÔÀÚ C: Time(Duration) based Online Charging
ÀÌÁ¦ P-GW´Â LTE ¸Á¿¡ Á¢¼ÓÇÑ UE(°¡ÀÔÀÚ)°¡ ¾î¶² Charging ¹æ½ÄÀÎÁö ¾Ë°Ô µË´Ï´Ù.
Offline ChargingÀÇ °æ¿ì,
- P-GW´Â OFCS(OFfline Charging System)¿Í GTP' ÇÁ·ÎÅäÄÝ·Î ¿¬µ¿À» ÇÏ°Ô µË´Ï´Ù. ±×·¡¼ °¡ÀÔÀÚ°¡ ÀÎÅͳÝÀ» »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â Áß (¿¹¸¦ µé¾î) 30ÃÊ¿¡ Çѹø¾¿, ȤÀº Á¢¼Ó ÇØÁö(Detach) ÈÄ¿¡ P-GW´Â °¡ÀÔÀÚÀÇ LTE ¸Á »ç¿ë³»¿ª(UL/DL bytes ¼ö/ÆÐŶ ¼ö, Á¢¼ÓÇÑ ½Ã°£(¿¹. 18:01:53), Á¢¼Ó ÇØÁöÇÑ ½Ã°£(¿¹. 18:47:31), ÃÑ Á¢¼Ó ½Ã°£(1,462ÃÊ)µîÀÇ Á¤º¸)À» CDR(Charging Data Records) ÆÄÀÏ·Î ¸¸µé¾î OFCS·Î Àü´ÞÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
- P-GW´Â OFCS·Î ÀÌ CDR ÆÄÀÏÀ» ½Ç½Ã°£À¸·Î Àü´ÞÇÒ ÇÊ¿ä°¡ ¾ø½À´Ï´Ù. OFCS´Â °¢ °¡ÀÔÀÚº° »ç¿ë ³»¿ªÀ» °¡Áö°í ÀÖ°í, »ç¾÷ÀÚÀÇ ÇÊ¿ä¿¡ µû¶ó ±× Çü½Ä(format)À» °¡°øÇÏ¿© °ü¸®ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
Online ChargingÀÇ °æ¿ì,
- P-GW´Â OCS(Online Charging System)¿Í Diameter ÇÁ·ÎÅäÄÝ·Î ¿¬µ¿À» ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ±×¸®°í OCS¿¡´Â °¢ °¡ÀÔÀÚ º°·Î ÇöÀç »ç¿ëÀÌ °¡´ÉÇÑ Balance(Volume based À¯ÀúÀÌ¸é »ç¿ë °¡´ÉÇÑ byte ¼ö, Time based À¯Àú¶ó¸é »ç¿ë °¡´ÉÇÑ ½Ã°£(ÃÊ))¸¦ °ü¸®ÇÏ°Ô µË´Ï´Ù. UE°¡ ¸Á¿¡ Á¢¼ÓÀ» Çϸé, P-GW´Â OCS¿¡ Credit Control Request ¸Þ½ÃÁö¸¦ º¸³»¾î ÇØ´ç °¡ÀÔÀÚÀÇ Quota(byte ȤÀº ½Ã°£(ÃÊ))¸¦ ¿äûÇÏ°í, OCS´Â Credit Control Answer ¸Þ½ÃÁö¸¦ ÅëÇØ °¡ÀÔÀÚ°¡ »ç¿ëÇÒ Quota¸¦ P-GW·Î Àü´ÞÇÕ´Ï´Ù. (Á¤È®Ä¡´Â ¾ÊÀ¸³ª OCS ÀÔÀå¿¡¼´Â Balance¶ó°í Ç¥Çö, P-GW ÀÔÀå¿¡¼´Â Quota¶ó°í Ç¥Çö)
- ÀÌ ¶§ ¸ðµç OCS´Â Balance¸¦ P-GW¿¡ Çѹø¿¡ ÁÖ´Â°Ç ¾Æ´Ï°í Á¶±Ý¾¿ ³ª´©¾î¼ ÁÝ´Ï´Ù. (¿¹. À¯ÀúÀÇ Balance°¡ 1GbyteÀÎ °æ¿ì, P-GW°¡ OCS·Î Quota¸¦ ¿äûÇϸé, ÀÏ´Ü 100Mbyte¸¸ ÁÜ. ÀÌÈÄ 100Mbyte¸¦ ´Ù ¼ÒÁøÇϸé P-GW´Â ´Ù½Ã OCS·Î Quota¸¦ ¿äûÇÏ¿© 100Mbyte¸¦ ´Ù½Ã ¹ÞÀ½)
- ÀÌÈÄ °¡ÀÔÀÚÀÇ ÀÎÅÍ³Ý »ç¿ë·®(byte ȤÀº ½Ã°£(ÃÊ)) ¸¸Å P-GW´Â ½Ç½Ã°£À¸·Î Quota¿¡¼ Â÷°¨À» ÇÏ°í, °¡ÀÔÀÚ°¡ Á¢¼Ó ÇØÁö¸¦ ÇÏ¸é ³²Àº Quota¸¦ ´Ù½Ã OCS·Î º¸°íÇϵµ·Ï µÇ¾î ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
- µû¶ó¼ °¡ÀÔÀÚÀÇ ÀÎÅÍ³Ý »ç¿ë¾çÀº ½Ç½Ã°£À¸·Î P-GW¿¡ ÀÇÇؼ ¸ð´ÏÅ͸µ µÇ°í, ¸¸¾à OCS¿¡ ÇØ´ç °¡ÀÔÀÚÀÇ Balance°¡ ¸ðµÎ ¼ÒÁøµÈ °æ¿ì °¡ÀÔÀÚ´Â ÀÎÅͳÝÀ» »ç¿ëÇÏÁö ¸øÇÏ°Ô µË´Ï´Ù. (º¸Åë "´Ù½Ã ÃæÀüÇϼ¼¿ä~"¶ó´Â ¸Þ½ÃÁöÀÇ Selfcare/Captive Portal À¥ÆäÀÌÁö·Î Hot-Lining(HTTP Redirection)ÀÌ µÇÁö¿ä)
Online ChargingÀ» Àû¿ëÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â Åë½Å»ç¾÷ÀÚµµ Offline Charging ¿ª½Ã »ç¿ëÇÏ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ¿Ö³Ä¸é Offline ChargingÀ» ÅëÇØ °¡ÀÔÀÚº° »ç¿ë ³»¿ª(Åë°è µ¥ÀÌÅÍ)À» °ü¸®ÇÒ ¼ö Àֱ⠶§¹®ÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
´ÙÀ½ ½Ã°£¿¡´Â À§¿¡¼ ¼³¸íµå¸° 4°¡Áö(Postpaid, Prepaid, Online, Offline)¸¦ Á¶ÇÕÇÑ ¸î°¡Áö °ú±ÝÀÇ ¿¹¸¦ ¼Ò°³ÇØ µå¸®µµ·Ï ÇÏ°Ú½À´Ï´Ù.
- Postpaid + Data Volume based Online Charging
- Prepaid + Data Volume based Online Charging
- Prepaid + Time based Online Charging
- Prepaid + Offline Charging
- FUP (Fair Usage Policy)